How to drive a panel 01 Pick a panel from the tab bar or open its route — each has one, such as /engineering/handbook2/acoustics, so a bench can be linked or bookmarked. 02 Enter inputs in the labelled units (mm, µm, MHz, °C, K), leaving blank what a card solves for you. 03 Read the cards above the tables and the trust line below them. 04 Read the diagnostics — they flag extrapolation (W/h outside 0.01–100, ΔT beyond the IPC chart) instead of hiding it. 05 Send results on a crossover spec to the filter designer, a coefficient list to the Engineering Lab, any card plus its sources into a report. Worked examples These readouts are the panels' default inputs; type the same values to reproduce them.
Panel · tool
Input
Readout
RF · Link budget
1 km, 2.4 GHz, 20 dBm, 6 dBi both ends, 1 + 1 + 3 dB losses
FSPL 100.05 dB ; received −73.052 dBm ; margin 16.95 dB ; cascade NF 2.66 dB ; SNR 25.25 dB
PCB · Trace ampacity
1 oz (34.8 µm), ΔT 20 K, external; 2 A or 0.5 mm
0.5161 mm required for 2 A; 0.5 mm carries 1.955 A
Acoustics · RT60
6 × 4.5 × 2.8 m, gypsum walls, carpet floor, tile ceiling
Eyring 0.3852 s , Sabine 0.4409 s ; recommendation Eyring ; Schroeder 142.8 Hz
Optics · Thin lens
f = 50 mm, object at 150 mm
image 75 mm ; magnification −0.5 ; image height −10 mm
Solar · Optimum tilt
39.9° N, 116.4° E
36° optimum; 2295.3 kWh/m² ; 19.79% over horizontal; ±5° costs 0.355%
Battery · Peukert
100 Ah AGM, 20 h rate, 20 A, k = 1.15, 50% DoD
runtime 4.0613 h ; delivered 81.225 Ah ; usable 2.0306 h
What the trust tags mean A card is tagged exact (closed-form algebra, like the 6 dB, 50 Ω T-pad's 16.61 Ω and 66.93 Ω arms), verified (a derivation with a self-check, such as the Cohn stripline or the LR4 allpass sum), approximate (a named fit like Hammerstad–Jensen, ±0.2% inside 0.01 ≤ W/h ≤ 100), or heuristic (the clear-sky tilt scan). The PCB spacing table is exact yet omits unverifiable columns.
Limits to keep in mind
Ranges are part of the answer. The microstrip model assumes zero conductor thickness and no solder mask; a Gaussian beam's w is a 1/e² radius with the FWHM diameter reported separately; the tilt optimum is clear-sky geometry, not a yield forecast.
Estimates are flagged. IPC-2221 has no via ampacity clause, so the via panel brackets 1.685 A optimistic against 0.8427 A conservative; Peukert fails at both current extremes. What it does not do. No circuit or field simulation — RLC, Smith charts and FFT live in the Science Lab ; no control, filter synthesis, ODEs or optimisation — that is the Engineering Lab ; no stability or connection design — the structural check covers bending and deflection only. Mains isolation needs IEC 60664-1, not IPC-2221. The 20-hour rate is not 20 amps The Peukert default looks like a five-hour job: 100 Ah ÷ 20 A. But the second field is the rated hour rate , and 100 Ah at the 20-hour rate means the nameplate current is 5 A — 20 A is a 0.2C discharge. With k = 1.15 the panel reads 4.0613 h , 81.225 Ah delivered (81.23% of nameplate) and, at 50% depth of discharge, 2.0306 h usable, while the "ideal battery" card still shows the linear 5 h . Fit k from two measured discharges — 5 A / 20 h against 25 A / 2.9 h gives 1.1998 — rather than copying a typical value.
Where it fits Link and bench checks A proposed hop becomes numbers in the RF panel: FSPL 100.05 dB , margin 16.95 dB , first Fresnel radius 5.588 m with a 60% clearance of 3.353 m . The L-match tool designs the antenna end: 50 → 200 Ω at 100 MHz returns a low-pass 137.8 nH series inductor, a 13.78 pF shunt capacitor and 45.65 MHz of swept bandwidth at RL ≥ 10 dB.
Rooms and speakers The acoustics default — 6 × 4.5 × 2.8 m, 112.8 m² of surfaces — reads 0.3852 s against a 0.3–0.5 s home-theatre target; the same tab checks an LR4 crossover at 2.5 kHz and turns Fs, Qts and Vas into Qtc and F3.
Power and optics planning A 5 kWp array returns 5982.1 kWh in year one (PR 0.7874 ), the tilt panel recommends 36° , and the payback panel prices the 30,000 / 6,500 kWh case at 9.991 years simple payback and 8.939% IRR. A 1064 nm beam with a 0.5 mm waist reports a 738.2 mm Rayleigh range and a 588.7 µm FWHM spot.
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References
Wikipedia, Friis transmission equation , en.wikipedia.org （访问日期：2026-10-01）— path loss and received power.
Wikipedia, IPC (electronics) , en.wikipedia.org （访问日期：2026-10-01）— the IPC-2221 and IPC-2141A standards.
Wikipedia, Reverberation , en.wikipedia.org （访问日期：2026-10-01）— Sabine and Eyring RT60.
Wikipedia, Thin lens , en.wikipedia.org （访问日期：2026-10-01）— imaging and magnification signs.
Wikipedia, Peukert's law , en.wikipedia.org （访问日期：2026-10-01）— capacity versus discharge rate.
Wikipedia, Solar irradiance , en.wikipedia.org （访问日期：2026-10-01）— irradiance behind the tilt panel.
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Reviewed by CalcX Editorial Team
Updated 2026-10-01